<\/p>\n
Pages:<\/strong> 29-35 \u00a0|\u00a0 DOI:<\/strong> 10.37724\/RSU.2026.91.2.003 \u00a0|\u00a0 UDK:<\/strong> 94(47).084.9\u00ab197\u00bb<\/p>\n BodrovaElena V.<\/strong> Kalinov V.V.<\/strong> Krasivskaya V.N.<\/strong> Abstract<\/strong><\/p>\n The relevance of the study is determined by the need to develop an optimal, scientifically based strategy for achieving technological leadership in the Russian Federation. This requires drawing lessons from our historical experience. The subject of the study is the process of implementing state policy in the field of computer equipment production in the USSR in the first half of the 1970s. The purpose of this publication is to address the understudied issue of computer equipment production in the USSR in the first half of the 1970s and to identify the factors that hindered the development of this industry. The source base mainly consists of declassified documents from the central state archives, which allow for a more objective and reliable assessment of the results of state policy in this area and the identification of factors that hindered progress. It has been proven that, despite significant achievements in the development and production of computer technology in the first half of the 1960s, the country was falling further and further behind the leading capitalist nations in this field. As a result, the central party and government bodies adopted resolutions on accelerating the pace of development, significantly increasing the volume of computer production, and building new factories and reconstructing existing ones. Significant funds were allocated for these purposes. One of the important areas was the creation of a unified computer system, which was developed jointly with socialist countries based on the IBM System\/360 architecture. The article concludes that despite the efforts to increase the production of computer equipment and create the unified computer system, the goals were not fully achieved. The reasons included the following: a decrease in funding due to changes in planning priorities, failure to implement previous construction decisions, delays in producing peripheral equipment and RAM devices, and a shortage of specialists and service centers. As a result, by 1976, the Soviet computer park was still dominated by second-generation machines. The study of the implementation of state policy on the production of computer equipment during the study period once again confirms the flawed nature of the practice of relying on forced extraction of raw materials, emphasizes the importance of ensuring technological sovereignty, and highlights the use of the recommendations of top experts.<\/p>\n Keywords:<\/strong> state policy, computer technology, USSR, Unified Computer System, development, production, construction, planning, lag, deficit<\/p>\n Funding:<\/strong><\/p>\n none<\/p>\n References<\/strong><\/p>\n 1. \u0410\u0440\u0442\u0435\u043c\u043e\u0432 \u0415. \u0422. \u041d\u0430\u0443\u0447\u043d\u043e-\u0442\u0435\u0445\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0430 \u0432 \u0441\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u043c\u043e\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0434\u0443\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043c\u043e\u0434\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438. \u2014 \u041c. : \u0420\u041e\u0421\u041f\u042d\u041d, 2006. \u2014 254 \u0441. Download PDF<\/a> <\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Main outcomes of state policy in the field of computer equipment production in the USSR in the first half of the 1970s Pages: 29-35 \u00a0|\u00a0 DOI: 10.37724\/RSU.2026.91.2.003 \u00a0|\u00a0 UDK: 94(47).084.9\u00ab197\u00bb BodrovaElena V. MIREA \u2014 Russian Technological University Kalinov V.V. Gubkin University Krasivskaya V.N. MIREA \u2014 Russian Technological University Abstract The relevance of the study is […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-6730","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/vestnik.rsu-rzn.ru\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/6730","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/vestnik.rsu-rzn.ru\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/vestnik.rsu-rzn.ru\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vestnik.rsu-rzn.ru\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vestnik.rsu-rzn.ru\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=6730"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/vestnik.rsu-rzn.ru\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/6730\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/vestnik.rsu-rzn.ru\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=6730"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vestnik.rsu-rzn.ru\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=6730"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vestnik.rsu-rzn.ru\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=6730"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}
\nMIREA \u2014 Russian Technological University<\/p>\n
\nGubkin University<\/p>\n
\nMIREA \u2014 Russian Technological University<\/p>\n
\n2. \u0410\u0444\u0430\u043d\u0430\u0441\u044c\u0435\u0432 \u0410. \u0410. \u0421\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043d\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0430\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437 \u043c\u043e\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0439 \u0432\u043d\u0435\u0448\u043d\u0435\u044d\u043a\u043e\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0437\u0434\u043d\u0435\u0433\u043e \u0421\u0421\u0421\u0420, \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0441\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u0438 \u0441\u043e\u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u044d\u0442\u0430\u043f\u0430 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0438\u044f \u0420\u043e\u0441\u0441\u0438\u0438 \/\/ \u042d\u043a\u043e\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u043e\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f. \u2014 2023. \u2014 \u0422. 13. \u2014 \u2116 1. \u2014 \u0421. 159\u2013180. \u2014 DOI: 10.18334\/eo.13.1.115238.
\n3. \u0411\u043e\u0434\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430 \u0415. \u0412., \u041a\u0430\u043b\u0438\u043d\u043e\u0432 \u0412. \u0412. \u041a\u0430\u043a \u043f\u043e\u0431\u0435\u0434\u0438\u043b\u0430 IBM: \u0438\u0437\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043a\u0443\u0440\u0441\u0430 \u043f\u043e \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0438\u044e \u0432\u044b\u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0442\u0435\u0445\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0438 \u0432 \u0421\u0421\u0421\u0420 \u0432\u043e \u0432\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0438\u043d\u0435 1960-\u0445 \u0433\u0433. \/\/ \u0412\u043e\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u044b \u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0438 \u0435\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0437\u043d\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0438 \u0442\u0435\u0445\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0438. \u2014 2025. \u2014 \u0422. 46. \u2014 \u2116 3. \u2014 \u0421. 511\u2013523. \u2014 DOI: 10.31857\/S0205960625030053 EDN: UYPMSH.
\n4. \u0411\u043e\u0434\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430 \u0415. \u0412., \u041a\u0430\u043b\u0438\u043d\u043e\u0432 \u0412. \u0412., \u041a\u0440\u0430\u0441\u0438\u0432\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f \u0412. \u041d. \u041f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0421\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0430 \u041c\u0438\u043d\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0432 \u0421\u0421\u0421\u0420 \u043e\u0442 30 \u0434\u0435\u043a\u0430\u0431\u0440\u044f 1967 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0440\u0443\u0431\u0435\u0436 \u0432 \u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0438\u044f \u0432\u044b\u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0442\u0435\u0445\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0438 \u0432 \u0421\u0421\u0421\u0420 \/\/ \u0412\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043d\u0438\u043a \u0421\u0443\u0440\u0433\u0443\u0442\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0433\u043e\u0441\u0443\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u0435\u0434\u0430\u0433\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0443\u043d\u0438\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0442\u0430. \u2014 2025. \u2014 \u2116 6 (99). \u2014 \u0421. 87\u201394. \u2014 DOI: 10.69571\/SSPU.2025.99.6.008.
\n5. \u0411\u044b\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f \u0413. \u0410. \u041a \u0432\u043e\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0443 \u043e \u0433\u043e\u0441\u0443\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043d\u0430\u0443\u0447\u043d\u043e-\u0442\u0435\u0445\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0435 \u0432 \u0421\u0421\u0421\u0420 \u0432 50\u201380 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u044b \/\/ \u0412\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043d\u0438\u043a \u0421\u0430\u043c\u0430\u0440\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0433\u043e\u0441\u0443\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0430\u044d\u0440\u043e\u043a\u043e\u0441\u043c\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0443\u043d\u0438\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0442\u0430. \u2014 2003. \u2014 \u2116 2. \u2014 \u0421. 12\u201318.
\n6. \u0413\u043e\u0441\u0443\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0430\u0440\u0445\u0438\u0432 \u0420\u0424 (\u0413\u0410\u0420\u0424). \u2014 \u0424. \u0420-5446. \u2014 \u041e\u043f. 106\u0441. \u2014 \u0414. 1521.
\n7. \u0417\u0435\u043c\u0446\u043e\u0432 \u0410. \u041d. \u00ab\u0412\u043e\u0441\u0445\u043e\u0434\u00bb \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043c\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0430. \u2014 \u041c. : \u0414\u0435\u043b\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u0434\u0432\u043e\u0440, 2021. \u2014 200 \u0441.
\n8. \u041a\u0440\u0430\u0439\u043d\u0435\u0432\u0430 \u0418. \u0410., \u041a\u0443\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0448\u0442\u043e\u043a \u041d. \u0410. \u0410\u043a\u0430\u0434\u0435\u043c\u0438\u044f \u043d\u0430\u0443\u043a \u0421\u0421\u0421\u0420 \u0432 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0430\u0445 \u043f\u043e \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0438\u044e \u0432\u044b\u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0442\u0435\u0445\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0438: \u0438\u043c\u043f\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0441 \u043a \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0438\u044e \/\/ \u0423\u0440\u0430\u043b\u044c\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0432\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043d\u0438\u043a. \u2014 2024. \u2014 \u2116 4. \u2014 \u0421. 145\u2013154. \u2014 DOI: 10.30759\/1728-9718-2024-4(85)-145-154.
\n9. \u041b\u0435\u0432\u0438\u043d \u0412. \u041a. \u0421\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0415\u0434\u0438\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u044b \u042d\u0412\u041c \/\/ \u0418\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u044f \u043e\u0442\u0435\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u044d\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0432\u044b\u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0442\u0435\u0445\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0438. \u2014 \u041c. : \u0421\u0442\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0447\u043d\u0430\u044f \u044d\u043d\u0446\u0438\u043a\u043b\u043e\u043f\u0435\u0434\u0438\u044f, 2017. \u2014 \u0421. 91\u201397.
\n10. \u041c\u0430\u043b\u0438\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0411. \u041d. \u0418\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u044f \u0432\u044b\u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0442\u0435\u0445\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0438 \u0432 \u043b\u0438\u0446\u0430\u0445. \u2014 \u041a. : \u041a\u0438\u0442 : \u0410.\u0421.\u041a., 1995. \u2014 384 \u0441.
\n11. \u041f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0421\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0430 \u041c\u0438\u043d\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0432 \u0421\u0421\u0421\u0420 \u043e\u0442 8 \u044f\u043d\u0432\u0430\u0440\u044f 1976 \u0433. \u2116 26 \u00ab\u041e\u0431 \u043e\u0440\u0433\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0446\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043e\u0431\u0441\u043b\u0443\u0436\u0438\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0441\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0432 \u044d\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0432\u044b\u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0442\u0435\u0445\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0438\u00bb \u2014 URL : https:\/\/docs.cntd.ru\/document\/456065843(\u0434\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0449\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f: 04.02.2026).
\n12. \u0420\u043e\u0441\u0441\u0438\u0439\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0433\u043e\u0441\u0443\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0430\u0440\u0445\u0438\u0432 \u043d\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0439\u0448\u0435\u0439 \u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0438 (\u0420\u0413\u0410\u041d\u0418). \u2014 \u0424. 5. \u2014 \u041e\u043f. 61. \u2014 \u0414. 119 ; \u0424. 5. \u2014 \u041e\u043f. 61. \u2014 \u0414. 170 ; \u0424. 5. \u2014 \u041e\u043f. 62. \u2014 \u0414. 66 ; \u0424. 5. \u2014 \u041e\u043f. 63. \u2014 \u0414. 6 ; \u0424. 5. \u2014 \u041e\u043f. 63. \u2014 \u0414. 22 ; \u0424. 5. \u2014 \u041e\u043f. 63. \u2014 \u0414. 172 ; \u0424. 5. \u2014 \u041e\u043f. 63. \u2014 \u0414. 491.
\n13. \u0420\u043e\u0441\u0441\u0438\u0439\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0433\u043e\u0441\u0443\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0430\u0440\u0445\u0438\u0432 \u044d\u043a\u043e\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0438\u043a\u0438 (\u0420\u0413\u0410\u042d). \u2014 \u0424. 4372. \u2014 \u041e\u043f. 66. \u2014 \u0414. 5414 ; \u0424. 9480. \u2014 \u041e\u043f. 9. \u2014 \u0414. 1683 ; \u0424. 9480. \u2014 \u041e\u043f. 9. \u2014 \u0414. 2763 ; \u0424. 4372. \u2014 \u041e\u043f. 66. \u2014 \u0414. 6035 ; \u0424. 4372. \u2014 \u041e\u043f. 66. \u2014 \u0414. 7231 ; \u0424. 9480. \u2014 \u041e\u043f. 12. \u2014 \u0414. 208.
\n14. \u042e\u043d\u0433\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0435\u043b\u044c \u0413. \u0410\u0441\u043f\u0435\u043a\u0442\u044b \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u043a\u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442 \u043f\u043e \u0415\u0421 \u042d\u0412\u041c \u0441\u043b\u0443\u0436\u0431\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u0442\u0435\u0445\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0435\u0434\u043a\u0438 \u0413\u0414\u0420. \u2014 URL : https:\/\/www.computer-museum.ru\/articles\/vychislitelnaya-tekhnika-sotsialisticheskikh-stran\/1731\/ (\u0434\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0449\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f: 16.02.2026).
\n15. Krayneva I., Kupershtokh N., Marchuk A. Digital computing technology in the USSR: Stages of science and technology policy \/\/ Bull. Nov. Comp. Center, Comp. Science. \u2014 2025. \u2014 \u2116 49. \u2014 S. 49\u201364.<\/p>\n
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