{"id":7021,"date":"2026-09-29T08:33:18","date_gmt":"2026-09-29T05:33:18","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/vestnik.rsu-rzn.ru\/?page_id=7021"},"modified":"2026-09-29T09:28:38","modified_gmt":"2026-09-29T06:28:38","slug":"7021-2","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/vestnik.rsu-rzn.ru\/en\/7021-2\/","title":{"rendered":""},"content":{"rendered":"

<\/p>\n

Evacuation of the Sestroretsk Arms Factory in 1918<\/h1>\n
Pages:<\/strong> 32-43 \u00a0|
\nDOI:<\/strong> 10.37724\/RSU.2026.92.3.004 \u00a0|
\nEDN:<\/strong> \u2014 \u00a0|
\nUDK:<\/strong> 94(470.23)\u00ab1918\u00bb<\/div>\n
\n

Nosko M.A.<\/strong>
\nSt. Petersburg State University<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

Abstract<\/strong>This article examines the evacuation of the Sestroretsk Arms Factory in year 1918 as an insufficiently studied episode in the history of the Russian defense industry during World War One, the Revolution, and the Civil War. The study considers both the causes and the evacuation proper, tracing the origins of the idea of relocating the factory to the discussions on the \u201cunburdening\u201d of Petrograd in 1915\u20131917. Particular attention is paid to the transformation of these initial plans under the radically changed military and political conditions of the spring of 1918, when the German advance, the transfer of the Soviet government to Moscow, and the general crisis in transport and supply made the evacuation of defense enterprises an urgent task. The article analyzes the decision-making process within the Main Artillery Directorate, the activities of the factory\u2019s Evacuation Commission, the changing choice of relocation sites, as well as the organization of the removal of machinery, tools, materials, and personnel. The study is based on a wide range of archival sources, including the minutes of the Commission sessions, official correspondence, factory reports, orders, and workers\u2019 personal testimonies. It demonstrates that the evacuation of the Sestroretsk Arms Factory did not constitute a coherent and consistently implemented plan. On the contrary, it turned into a chain of forced and often contradictory decisions shaped by interdepartmental disunity, logistical disruptions, and the rapidly changing military situation in the Volga region and the Urals. As a result, a significant portion of the factory\u2019s equipment was left behind, redirected, or lost, while the original plan to establish a new production base proved unfeasible. Thus, the research treats the evacuation of the Sestroretsk Arms Factory as a bright example of the crisis in the administration of Russia\u2019s defense industry in 1918.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

Keywords:<\/strong> Russian Civil War, Zlatoust Arms Factory, defense industry, Petrograd, Sestroretsk Arms Factory, evacuation, 1918<\/div>\n
Funding:<\/strong>
\nnone<\/div>\n
\n

References<\/h2>\n

1. \u0410\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0435\u0435\u0432 \u0422. \u0412. \u041e\u0441\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0435 \u0441\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0449\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u043e \u043e\u0431\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043d\u0435 \u0433\u043e\u0441\u0443\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u0438 \u0432\u043e\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e-\u044d\u043a\u043e\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f \u043c\u043e\u0431\u0438\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f \u0432 \u0420\u043e\u0441\u0441\u0438\u0438 \u0432 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u044b \u041f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u043c\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u0432\u043e\u0439\u043d\u044b (1914\u20131917 \u0433\u0433.). \u2014 \u0421\u041f\u0431. : \u041b\u0435\u043c\u0430, 2015. 767 \u0441.<\/p>\n

2. \u0411\u0430\u0433\u0434\u0430\u0441\u0430\u0440\u044f\u043d \u0410. \u041e. \u042d\u0432\u0430\u043a\u0443\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f \u043f\u0440\u043e\u043c\u044b\u0448\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0432 \u0420\u043e\u0441\u0441\u0438\u0438 \u0432 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u044b \u041f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u043c\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u0432\u043e\u0439\u043d\u044b \/\/ \u0418\u0441\u0442\u043e-\u0440\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f \u0438 \u0441\u043e\u0446\u0438\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e-\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043c\u044b\u0441\u043b\u044c. \u2014 2016. \u2014 \u0422. 8. \u2014 \u2116 4. \u2014 \u0427. 2. \u2014 C. 21\u201326.<\/p>\n

3. \u0412\u043e\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043f\u0440\u043e\u043c\u044b\u0448\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0420\u043e\u0441\u0441\u0438\u0438 \u0432 \u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043b\u0435 \u0425\u0425 \u0432\u0435\u043a\u0430 (1900\u20131917). \u0421\u0431\u043e\u0440\u043d\u0438\u043a \u0434\u043e\u043a\u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u043e\u0432 \/ \u043f\u043e\u0434 \u0440\u0435\u0434. \u0420. \u0428. \u0413\u0430\u043d\u0435\u043b\u0438\u043d\u0430. \u2014 \u041c. : \u041d\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0439 \u0445\u0440\u043e\u043d\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444, 2004. \u2014 832 \u0441.<\/p>\n

4. \u0412\u043e\u043b\u043a\u043e\u0432 \u0415. \u0412. \u00ab\u0427\u0435\u043b\u044f\u0431\u0438\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0438\u043d\u0446\u0438\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0442\u00bb \u0438 \u0433\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f \u0432\u043e\u0439\u043d\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u042e\u0436\u043d\u043e\u043c \u0423\u0440\u0430\u043b\u0435 \/\/ \u0418\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u044f \u042e\u0436\u043d\u043e-\u0433\u043e \u0423\u0440\u0430\u043b\u0430 : \u0432 8 \u0442. \u2014 \u0427\u0435\u043b\u044f\u0431\u0438\u043d\u0441\u043a : \u0418\u0437\u0434\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0446\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0440 \u042e\u0423\u0440\u0413\u0423, 2019. \u2014 \u0422. 8. \u2014 \u0421. 99\u2013125.<\/p>\n

5. \u0413\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0444\u0443\u043b\u043b\u0438\u043d\u0430 \u041d. \u041b. \u0421\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0430 \u0438\u0437 \u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0438 \u0413\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0432\u043e\u0439\u043d\u044b: \u00ab\u0411\u0435\u043b\u044b\u0439\u00bb \u0417\u043b\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0443\u0441\u0442 \/\/ \u0413\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0445\u043e\u0432-\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u0447\u0442\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f : \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0430\u043b\u044b \u0434\u0435\u0432\u044f\u0442\u043e\u0439 \u0440\u0435\u0433\u0438\u043e\u043d. \u043c\u0443\u0437\u0435\u0439\u043d. \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0444. \/ \u0441\u043e\u0441\u0442., \u043d\u0430\u0443\u0447. \u0440\u0435\u0434. \u0410. \u041d. \u041b\u044b\u043c\u0430\u0440\u0435\u0432. \u2014 \u0427\u0435\u043b\u044f\u0431\u0438\u043d\u0441\u043a, 2018. \u2014 \u0421. 51\u201361.<\/p>\n

6. \u0414\u0435\u043a\u0440\u0435\u0442\u044b \u0421\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0432\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438 : \u0441\u0431\u043e\u0440\u043d\u0438\u043a \/ \u0418\u043d-\u0442 \u043c\u0430\u0440\u043a\u0441\u0438\u0437\u043c\u0430-\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u043d\u0438\u0437\u043c\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u0426\u041a \u041a\u041f\u0421\u0421 ; \u0418\u043d-\u0442 \u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0438 \u0410\u041d \u0421\u0421\u0421\u0420 ; [\u0440\u0435\u0434. \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0438\u0441\u0441\u0438\u044f: \u0413. \u0414. \u041e\u0431\u0438\u0447\u043a\u0438\u043d \u0438 \u0434\u0440.]. \u2014 \u0422. 1 : 25 \u043e\u043a\u0442\u044f\u0431\u0440\u044f 1917 \u0433. \u2014 16 \u043c\u0430\u0440\u0442\u0430 1918 \u0433. \u2014 \u041c. : \u0413\u043e\u0441. \u0438\u0437\u0434-\u0432\u043e \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0442. \u043b\u0438\u0442., 1957. \u2014 625 \u0441.<\/p>\n

7. \u0416\u0443\u043a \u0410. \u0412. \u0412\u043e\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043f\u0440\u043e\u043c\u044b\u0448\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0423\u0440\u0430\u043b\u0430 \u0432 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u044b \u041f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u043c\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u0432\u043e\u0439\u043d\u044b: 1914\u20131918 \u0433\u0433. : \u0430\u0432-\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0435\u0444. \u0434\u0438\u0441. … \u043a\u0430\u043d\u0434. \u0438\u0441\u0442. \u043d\u0430\u0443\u043a. \u2014 \u0415\u043a\u0430\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043d\u0431\u0443\u0440\u0433, 2000. \u2014 24 \u0441.<\/p>\n

8. \u0418\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432 \u0410. \u0410. \u0412\u043e\u0436\u0434\u044c \u0447\u0435\u0440\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0440\u0435\u0430\u043a\u0446\u0438\u0438: \u041d\u0438\u043a\u043e\u043b\u0430\u0439 \u0415\u0432\u0433\u0435\u043d\u044c\u0435\u0432\u0438\u0447 \u041c\u0430\u0440\u043a\u043e\u0432. \u2014 \u0421\u041f\u0431. : \u0412\u043b\u0430\u0434\u0438\u043c\u0438\u0440 \u0414\u0430\u043b\u044c, 2023. \u2014 639 \u0441.<\/p>\n

9. \u0418\u0437\u043c\u043e\u0437\u0438\u043a \u0412. \u0421. \u0413\u043b\u0430\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0441\u043e\u0431\u044b\u0442\u0438\u0435 \u043c\u0430\u0440\u0442\u0430 1918 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430: \u0441\u043e\u043e\u0431\u0449\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043f\u0435\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0434\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0438 \u043c\u043e\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u0435\u0447\u0430-\u0442\u0438 \/\/ \u0412\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043d\u0438\u043a \u0421\u041f\u0431\u0413\u0423. \u2014 \u0421\u0435\u0440. 2. \u2014 2013. \u2014 \u0412\u044b\u043f. 1. \u2014 \u0421. 47\u201359.<\/p>\n

10. \u041a\u0430\u043a\u0443\u0440\u0438\u043d \u041d. \u0415., \u0412\u0430\u0446\u0435\u0442\u0438\u0441 \u0418. \u0418. \u0413\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f \u0432\u043e\u0439\u043d\u0430. 1918\u20131921. \u2014 \u041c. : \u041f\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0433\u043e\u043d, 2002. \u2014 670 \u0441.<\/p>\n

11. \u041a\u0443\u0437\u043d\u0435\u0446\u043e\u0432\u0430 \u041e. \u041d. \u0416\u0443\u0440\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044b \u0413\u043b\u0430\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u042d\u043a\u043e\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0442\u0430, \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0438\u043a \u043e \u0434\u0435\u044f\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0412\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u041f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u0432 1917 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0443 \/\/ \u0412\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043d\u0438\u043a \u0421\u041f\u0431\u0413\u0423. \u2014 \u0421\u0435\u0440. 2. \u2014 2013. \u2014 \u0412\u044b\u043f. 1. \u2014 \u0421. 47\u201359.<\/p>\n

12. \u041a\u0443\u043b\u0435\u0433\u0438\u043d \u0410. \u041e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f \u00ab\u041f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0435\u0437\u0434\u00bb \/\/ \u0414\u0438\u043b\u0435\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0442. \u2014 2024. \u2014 \u2116\u2009101. \u2014 \u041c\u0430\u0439. \u2014 \u0421. 50\u201356.<\/p>\n

13. \u041c\u0430\u043d\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0410. \u0410. \u0411\u043e\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0435 \u0441\u043d\u0430\u0431\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0440\u0443\u0441\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0430\u0440\u043c\u0438\u0438 \u0432 \u043c\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0443\u044e \u0432\u043e\u0439\u043d\u0443. \u2014 3-\u0435 \u0438\u0437\u0434., \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0431. \u0438 \u0434\u043e\u043f. \u2014 \u041c. : \u0413\u043e\u0441. \u0432\u043e\u0435\u043d. \u0438\u0437\u0434., 1937. \u2014 718 \u0441.<\/p>\n

14. \u041c\u0435\u043b\u0438\u044f \u0410. \u0410. \u041c\u043e\u0431\u0438\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0433\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0430 \u043d\u0430\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0445\u043e\u0437\u044f\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u0421\u0421\u0421\u0420. \u2014 \u041c. : \u0410\u043b\u044c\u043f\u0438\u043d\u0430 \u0411\u0438\u0437\u043d\u0435\u0441 \u0411\u0443\u043a\u0441, 2004. \u2014 352 \u0441.<\/p>\n

15. \u0420\u0430\u0442\u044c\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0418. \u0421. \u0411\u0435\u043b\u044b\u0439 \u0442\u0435\u0440\u0440\u043e\u0440. \u0413\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f \u0432\u043e\u0439\u043d\u0430 \u0432 \u0420\u043e\u0441\u0441\u0438\u0438. 1917\u20131920 \u0433\u0433. \u2014 \u0421\u041f\u0431. : \u041f\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0440, 2021. \u2014 496 \u0441.<\/p>\n

16. \u0420\u043e\u0441\u0441\u0438\u0439\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0433\u043e\u0441\u0443\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0430\u0440\u0445\u0438\u0432 (\u0420\u0413\u0418\u0410). \u2014 \u0424. 1278. \u2014 \u041e\u043f. 5. \u2014 \u0414. 205. \u2014 \u041b. 182.<\/p>\n

17. \u0420\u0443\u0434\u043d\u0435\u0432\u0430 \u0421. \u0415. \u041f\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043b\u0435\u043c\u0430 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0437\u043a\u0438 \u041f\u0435\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0434\u0430 \u0432 1917 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0443 \/\/ \u042d\u043a\u043e\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0438\u043a\u0430: \u0432\u0447\u0435\u0440\u0430, \u0441\u0435\u0433\u043e\u0434\u043d\u044f, \u0437\u0430\u0432-\u0442\u0440\u0430. \u2014 2024. \u2014 \u0422. 14. \u2014 \u2116 7\u0410. \u2014 \u0421. 22\u201329.<\/p>\n

18. \u0421\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0440\u0435\u0446\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0438\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0437\u0430\u0432\u043e\u0434 \u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438 \u0412\u043e\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0430. 1721\u20131967 \u0433\u0433.: \u043e\u0447\u0435\u0440\u043a\u0438, \u0434\u043e\u043a\u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u044b, \u0432\u043e\u0441-\u043f\u043e\u043c\u0438\u043d\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f. \u2014 \u041b. : \u041b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0437\u0434\u0430\u0442, 1968. \u2014 567 c.<\/p>\n

19. \u0421\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0435 \u0432\u043e\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e-\u043f\u0440\u043e\u043c\u044b\u0448\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0437\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e (1918\u20131926 \u0433\u0433.) : \u0441\u0431\u043e\u0440\u043d\u0438\u043a \u0434\u043e\u043a\u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u043e\u0432. \u2014 \u041c. : \u041d\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0439 \u0445\u0440\u043e\u043d\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444, 2005. \u2014 \u0422. 2. \u2014 766 \u0441.<\/p>\n

20. \u0422\u0440\u0443\u0434\u044b \u0432\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0412\u0441\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0441\u0438\u0439\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0441\u044a\u0435\u0437\u0434\u0430 \u0441\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u043d\u0430\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0445\u043e\u0437\u044f\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 (19\u201327 \u0434\u0435\u043a. 1918 \u0433.) : \u0441\u0442\u0435-\u043d\u043e\u0433\u0440. \u043e\u0442\u0447\u0435\u0442. \u2014 \u041c., 1919. \u2014 420 \u0441.<\/p>\n

21. \u0426\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0433\u043e\u0441\u0443\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0430\u0440\u0445\u0438\u0432 \u0421\u0430\u043d\u043a\u0442-\u041f\u0435\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0431\u0443\u0440\u0433\u0430 (\u0426\u0413\u0410 \u0421\u041f\u0431.). \u2014 \u0424. 1642. \u2014 \u041e\u043f. 1. \u2014 \u0414. 7. \u2014 \u041b. 18\u201319 ; \u0424. 1642. \u2014 \u041e\u043f. 1. \u2014 \u0414. 119. \u2014 \u041b. 5 ; \u0424. 1859. \u2014 \u041e\u043f. 1. \u2014 \u0414. 105. \u2014 \u041b. 81 ; \u0424. 1642. \u2014 \u041e\u043f. 1. \u2014 \u0414. 119. \u2014 \u041b. 13 \u043e\u0431. ; \u0424. 1642. \u2014 \u041e\u043f. 1. \u2014 \u0414. 2. \u2014 \u041b. 42 ; \u0424. 1642. \u2014 \u041e\u043f. 1. \u2014 \u0414. 2. \u2014 \u041b. 70 ; \u0424. 1642. \u2014 \u041e\u043f. 1. \u2014 \u0414. 16. \u2014 \u041b. 22 ; \u0424. 1642. \u2014 \u041e\u043f. 2. \u2014 \u0414. 2. \u2014 \u041b. 85 ; \u0424. 1642. \u2014 \u041e\u043f. 2. \u2014 \u0414. 2. \u2014 \u041b. 86 ; \u0424. 1642. \u2014 \u041e\u043f. 2. \u2014 \u0414. 2. \u2014 \u041b. 37 ; \u0424. 1642. \u2014 \u041e\u043f. 2. \u2014 \u0414. 2. \u2014 \u041b. 201 ; \u0424. 1642. \u2014 \u041e\u043f. 2. \u2014 \u0414. 2. \u2014 \u041b. 210 ; \u0424. 1642. \u2014 \u041e\u043f. 2. \u2014 \u0414. 2. \u2014 \u041b. 200 ; \u0424. 1642. \u2014 \u041e\u043f. 2. \u2014 \u0414. 2. \u2014 \u041b. 206 ; \u0424. 1642. \u2014 \u041e\u043f. 2. \u2014 \u0414. 2. \u2014 \u041b. 249 ; \u0424. 1642. \u2014 \u041e\u043f. 2. \u2014 \u0414. 2. \u2014 \u041b. 44 ; \u0424. 1859. \u2014 \u041e\u043f. 1. \u2014 \u0414. 105. \u2014 \u041b. 42 ; \u0424. 1642. \u2014 \u041e\u043f. 2. \u2014 \u0414. 2. \u2014 \u041b. 50] ; \u0424. 1642. \u2014 \u041e\u043f. 1. \u2014 \u0414. 119. \u2014 \u041b. 487 ; \u0424. 1642. \u2014 \u041e\u043f. 1. \u2014 \u0414. 119. \u2014 \u041b. 489 ; \u0424. 1642. \u2014 \u041e\u043f. 1. \u2014 \u0414. 119. \u2014 \u041b. 491 ; \u0424. 1642. \u2014 \u041e\u043f. 1. \u2014 \u0414. 119. \u2014 \u041b. 492 ; \u0424. 1642. \u2014 \u041e\u043f. 1. \u2014 \u0414. 119. \u2014 \u041b. 492] ; \u0424. 1642. \u2014 \u041e\u043f. 1. \u2014 \u0414. 119. \u2014 \u041b. 494 ; \u0424. 1642. \u2014 \u041e\u043f. 1. \u2014 \u0414. 119. \u2014 \u041b. 500 ; \u0424. 1642. \u2014 \u041e\u043f. 1. \u2014 \u0414. 119. \u2014 \u041b. 618 ; 1642. \u2014 \u041e\u043f. 1. \u2014 \u0414. 119. \u2014 \u041b. 39 ; \u0424. 1642. \u2014 \u041e\u043f. 1. \u2014 \u0414. 119. \u2014 \u041b. 716 ; \u0424. 1642. \u2014 \u041e\u043f. 1. \u2014 \u0414. 119. \u2014 \u041b. 717 ; \u0424. 1642. \u2014 \u041e\u043f. 2. \u2014 \u0414. 8. \u2014 \u041b. 9 ; \u0424. 1642. \u2014 \u041e\u043f. 1. \u2014 \u0414. 119. \u2014 \u041b. 800.<\/p>\n

22. \u0426\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0433\u043e\u0441\u0443\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0430\u0440\u0445\u0438\u0432 \u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u043a\u043e-\u043f\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0434\u043e\u043a\u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u0421\u0430\u043d\u043a\u0442-\u041f\u0435\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0431\u0443\u0440\u0433\u0430 (\u0426\u0413\u0410\u0418\u041f\u0414 \u0421\u041f\u0431.). \u2014 \u0424. \u2014 \u0420-1680. \u2014 \u041e\u043f. 3. \u2014 \u0414. 1. \u2014 \u041b. 9.<\/p>\n

23. \u0428\u0430\u0445\u043e\u0432\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0411. \u041d. \u0422\u0430\u043a \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442 \u043c\u0438\u0440\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f \u0441\u043b\u0430\u0432\u0430: 1893\u20141917 \u0433\u0433. \u2014 \u041f\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0436, 1952. \u2014 214 \u0441.<\/p>\n

24. \u0429\u0435\u0440\u0431\u0430 \u0410. \u041d. \u041e\u0441\u043e\u0431\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0438\u044f \u0432\u043e\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0437\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u0432 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u044b \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u043c\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u0432\u043e\u0439\u043d\u044b: \u043d\u0430 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0430\u043b\u0430\u0445 \u041f\u0435\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0434\u0430 \/\/ \u0412\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043d\u0438\u043a \u0411\u0430\u043b\u0442\u0438\u0439\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0433\u043e\u0441\u0443\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0442\u0435\u0445\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0443\u043d\u0438\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0442\u0430. \u2014 2023. \u2014 \u21161 (12). \u2014\u0421. 34\u201347.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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Evacuation of the Sestroretsk Arms Factory in 1918 Pages: 32-43 \u00a0| DOI: 10.37724\/RSU.2026.92.3.004 \u00a0| EDN: \u2014 \u00a0| UDK: 94(470.23)\u00ab1918\u00bb Nosko M.A. St. Petersburg State University AbstractThis article examines the evacuation of the Sestroretsk Arms Factory in year 1918 as an insufficiently studied episode in the history of the Russian defense industry during World War One, […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-7021","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/vestnik.rsu-rzn.ru\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/7021","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/vestnik.rsu-rzn.ru\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/vestnik.rsu-rzn.ru\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vestnik.rsu-rzn.ru\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vestnik.rsu-rzn.ru\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=7021"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/vestnik.rsu-rzn.ru\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/7021\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/vestnik.rsu-rzn.ru\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=7021"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vestnik.rsu-rzn.ru\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=7021"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vestnik.rsu-rzn.ru\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=7021"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}