Shapovalov S.N.

Island residents in Zakubansky settlement in the first half of the 19th century. Pp. 20–26.

UDC 94(47).072

DOI 10.37724/RSU.2025.86.1.002

 

Abstract. The article attempts to analyze the resettlement processes that took place on the north-eastern shore of the Black Sea in the first half of the 19th century, as well as the settlement types that existed there. One of these was the settlement on Schastlivy Ostrov (Happy Island), which was part of the Zakubansky settlement. Based on archival materials, the article reconstructs the causes of resettlement of the peasant and Cossack population to Anapa, the conditions of their settlement on the new territory, the problems and difficulties encountered by the local authorities in providing the settlers with land plots. One of the ways of solving the problem of lack of places to settle in the villages of the Zakubansky settlement was to establish small settlements around them. This approach allowed creating the island settlement unique to the north-eastern Black Sea coast in the waters of the Kiziltashki estuary. Its inhabitants were peasants who came to Anapa to settle in Zakubansky. The most important feature of the settlement was a successful combination of various forms of economic activity, including hunting, fishing, horticulture and arable land farming. This provided the island residents with all the necessary resources and also incorporated them into the agricultural life of the Zakubansky settlement. The study of the history of the Schastlivy Ostrov settlement led to the conclusion that the successful experience of founding and developing the settlement was interrupted due to the outbreak of the Crimean War and unfavorable conditions of the treaty of Paris, which suspended the development of the northeastern coast of the Black Sea.

 

Keywords: Anapa, Blagoveshchenskaya stanitsa, Zakubansky settlement, settlers, northeastern shore of the Black Sea, Schastlivy Ostrov.

 

Bibliography

 

  1. Barrett T. M. The Uncertainty Line of the North Caucasian ‘Frontier’ of Russia. Amerikanskaya rusistika: vekhi istoriografii poslednikh let. Imperskiy period. [American Russian Studies: The Historical Landmarks in the historiography of recent years. The Imperial period]. Samara, Samara University Publ., 2000, 332 p. (In Russian).
  2. Burykina L. V. Peasant migration to the North-West Caucasus in the 1820s–1850s. Vestnik Adygeyskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. [Bulletin of Adyghe State University]. 2005, iss. 4, pp. 20–22. (In Russian).
  3. Kudayeva S. G. Aktualnyye voprosy istorii i kultury adygov. [Actual issues of the history and culture of the Adyghe]. Maykop, Magarin O. G. Publ., 2017, 170 p. (In Russian).
  4. Rossiyskiy gosudarstvennyy voyenno-istoricheskiy arkhiv (RGVIA). F. 788. Op. 1. D. 11. L. 6–6 ob.; D. 55. L. 8, 9–9 ob., 10, 21–22, 36, 79 ob. 80, 81 ob. 82; D. 154. L. 2 ob. 3 ; D. 162. L. 2. [Russian State Military Historical Archive (RSVIA). F. 788. Op. 1. D. 11. L. 6–6 ob.; D. 55. L. 8, 9–9 ob., 10, 21–22, 36, 79 ob. 80, 81 ob. 82; D. 154. L. 2 rev. 3; D. 162. L. 2. (In Russian).
  5. Skorik A. P., Fedina I. M. Kubanskiye kureni i stanitsy. Povsednevnyy pereselencheskiy uklad kubanskikh kazakov i istoricheskiye formy poseleniy na Kubani v kontse XVIII — pervoy treti XX veka. [Kuban kurens and stanitsas. Everyday migration way of life of the Kuban Cossacks and historical forms of settlements in Kuban in the late 18th – first third of the 20th centuries]. Novocherkassk, Lik, 2022, 1336 p. (In Russian).
  6. Fedina I. M. Poselencheskoye miromodelirovaniye Vostochnogo Prichernomorya: rossiyskiy opyt regionalnoy politiki XIX stoletiya. [Settlement world modeling of Eastern Black Sea Region: Russian experience of regional policy in the 19th century]. Krasnodar, Kuban State University Publ., 2022, 193 p. (In Russian).

Moon D. Russian Peasants and Tsarist Legislation on the Eve of Reform: Interaction between Peasants and Officialdom, 1825–1855 (Studies in Soviet History and Society). New York, Palgrave Macmillan, 1992, 249 p.

Uncategorized