AbstractThe relevance of this study stems from the increasing interest of modern linguistics in the value dominants of the linguistic picture of the world and the insufficient study of the concept (commonwealth/community) as an independent mental entity. The aim of the article is to model the structure of the conceptual field and to identify the specifics of its representation in the Russian linguistic consciousness. The subject of the study is the lexical, phraseological, and paremiological units that objectify this concept. As a result of the analysis of lexicographic sources, data from the Russian National Corpus, and journalistic texts, a hierarchical structure of the conceptual field has been established. This structure includes a core (the arch-seme ‘friendly unity’), a near-core zone (differential features of ‘mutual assistance’, ‘equality’, ‘common interests’), and a periphery (institutional and metaphorical meanings). Conclusions: The concept “sodruzhestvo” has a certain field structure and captures in the Russian worldview a transition from emotional-psychological closeness to socio-institutional interaction, while retaining the connotations of voluntariness and spiritual community. The results of the research can be applied in university courses in lexicology, linguo-culturology, and cognitive linguistics.